By Joy Agwunobi.
The rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence are being applied to solve many problems around the world, and healthcare is no exception. From medical diagnosis to pharmacy and other sub-sectors, AI is transforming healthcare and has the potential to improve service delivery across the board.
Healthcare is undergoing a major transformation as AI replaces traditional, human-centered approaches with a more technology-driven model. This trend is expected to continue as AI becomes more advanced and widespread in the healthcare sector.
Renowned American computer scientist ,John McCarthy, defines AI as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programmes. While there are concerns about how AI will impact doctor-patient communication and clinical oversight, it has shown promise in improving workflow efficiency and reducing the risk of human error. The potential benefits of AI in healthcare also include access to accurate health information, improved workflow efficiency, and lessening the burden on healthcare professionals.
According to reports, the healthcare sector of many countries is evolving as it shifts from a human-oriented approach to one that is technology-driven. However, the healthcare sector in Africa’s most populous country, Nigeria, has not yet fully benefited from AI.
This is attributed to the complex nature of Nigeria’s healthcare landscape, marked by high costs, limited financing, and operational inefficiencies.
These challenges,experts say, make it difficult to provide high-quality, affordable care.
Despite low AI adoption in Nigeria’s healthcare sector, the country’s large population and high disease burden present a huge opportunity for AI in healthcare.
According to Insights10, a market research firm focused on healthcare, the Nigerian healthcare market is projected to grow from $1 million in 2022 to $13 million by 2030, at a CAGR of 46.22 per cent from 2022 to 2030.
Experts believe that by embracing AI, Nigeria can transform its healthcare sector and become a global leader in healthcare innovation. This will lead to improved quality of care, positioning Nigeria as a key player in the global healthcare industry. Although the use of AI in the Nigerian healthcare sector is still in its early stages, it is expected to make a significant impact on healthcare delivery in the future.
Some of the identified prominent benefits of AI to Nigeria’s healthcare sector include:
Enhanced Diagnostic Accuracy: AI’s ability to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes is considered one of its most important contributions to healthcare in Nigeria. AI tools can help doctors diagnose patients more accurately and quickly, leading to earlier intervention and better treatment outcomes. For example, AI-powered algorithms can be used by radiologists to analyze medical images and other data to detect diseases like cancer earlier, when treatment is more likely to be successful. AI can also be used to track a patient’s progress and adjust treatment plans accordingly.
Virtual assistants and chatbots:Â AI-powered tools are designed to make it easier for patients to access healthcare information and services. These tools can provide quick answers to common questions, freeing up healthcare professionals to focus on more complex tasks. Additionally, they can direct patients to the appropriate resources and ensure they receive the care they need.
 Early disease detection and prevention: AI algorithms can detect early signs of disease or health risks, allowing for preventive measures and improved disease management. This proactive approach can lead to early intervention and lifestyle changes that can slow the progression of chronic conditions. By using AI for remote patient monitoring and wearable devices, healthcare providers can track patients’ vital signs and respond promptly if needed, resulting in better disease management and improved patient health.
 Drug delivery and clinical research: AI-powered tools can help improve the efficiency and accuracy of drug delivery, ensuring that patients receive the right drug at the right time and reducing the risk of adverse reactions. AI can also be used to track patient compliance and adherence to medication regimens. In clinical research, AI can analyze large amounts of data to inform clinical trials and speed up the development of new drugs.
Streamlining Administrative Tasks:AI can help reduce costs and increase efficiency in the healthcare system. It can also improve the patient experience by reducing wait times and streamlining workflows. Automating routine tasks can improve accuracy and compliance, reducing the risk of errors. This is especially important in a healthcare system where resources are often limited.
In conclusion, AI has the potential to significantly improve healthcare in Nigeria by increasing operational efficiency, supporting clinical decision-making, managing population health, empowering patients, and reducing life-threatening conditions. These improvements are expected to lead to better health outcomes for the population and improved quality of life for patients.
While there are concerns that the introduction of AI in healthcare could lead to job loss, research suggests that it could actually improve productivity, output, and quality of care, resulting in better outcomes for patients and reduced costs for the healthcare system.
Those familiar with technological innovation noted that It is crucial to implement AI in a way that enhances and supports healthcare workers, rather than replacing them. This, they said, will ensure that the benefits of AI are realised while preserving jobs and skills.
